Rimwe na rimwe iyo ubajije abantu iryari izina rya Yesu rya nyuma, mubisanzwe barasubiza bati: “Ndakeka ko izina rye rya nyuma ryari ‘Kristo’ ariko sinzi neza. Noneho ndabaza nti: “Niba aribyo, igihe Yesu yari umuhungu muto Yozefu Kristo na Mariya Kristo bajyanye Yesu Kristo muto ku isoko?” Kubyiyumvamo gutyo, bamenye ko ‘Kristo’ atari izina ryanyuma rya Yesu’. None, ‘Kristo’ ni iki? Bituruka he? Bisobanura iki? Nibyo tureba muri iyi ngingo.
Itandukaniro ry’Ubusemuzi no guhindura ururimi
Ubwa mbere dukeneye kumenya iby’ibanze by’ubusemuzi. Abasemuzi rimwe na rimwe bahitamo guhindura amajwi asa aho kuba ibisobanuro, cyane cyane ku mazina. Ibi bizwi nka “transliteration”. Muri Bibiliya, abasemuzi bagombaga guhitamo niba amagambo yayo ( cyane cyane amazina) byaba byiza mu rurimi rwahinduwe binyuze mu bisobanuro cyangwa binyuze mu busobanuro bw’ijwi . Nta tegeko ryihariye.
Igitabo cy’isezerano rya kera
Bibiliya yahinduwe bwa mbere mu 250 mbere ya Yesu igihe Isezerano rya Kera ry’Igiheburayo ryahindurwaga mu kigereki. Ubu busobanuro ni “Septuagint” ( cyangwa LXX ) kandi iracyakoreshwa muri iki gihe. Kuva Isezerano Rishya ryanditswe nyuma y’imyaka 300 mu kigereki, abanditsi bayo bavuze “Septuagint” y’Abagereki aho kuba Isezerano rya Kera ry’Igiheburayo.
Ubusemuzi no Guhinduranya muri “Septuagint”
Igishushanyo gikurikira cyerekana uburyo ibi bigira ingaruka kuri Bibiliya ziki gihe,
Ibi byerekana ibisobanuro biva mu byumwimerere kugeza kuri – Bibiliya y’iki gihe
Isezerano rya Kera ryanditswe mu giheburayo – “quadrant” # 1. Kuva ku mwambi kuva # 1 kugeza kuwa # 2 yerekana ibisobanuro byayo kuri “quadrant” yo mu Bugereki # 2 muri 250 mbere ya Yesu. Isezerano rya Kera ubu ryari mu ndimi ebyiri – Igiheburayo n’Ikigereki. Isezerano Rishya ryanditswe mu kigereki bityo ritangira muri “quadrant” # 2. Isezerano rya Kera n’Isezerano Rishya ryabonetse mu kigereki – ururimi rusange – mu myaka 2000 ishize.
Mugice cyo hepfo ( # 3 ) ni ururimi rugezweho nkicyongereza. Mubisanzwe Isezerano rya Kera ryahinduwe riva mu giheburayo cy’umwimerere ( # 1 – > # 3 ) n’Isezerano Rishya riva mu kigereki ( # 2 – >
Inkomoko ya ‘Kristo
Noneho dukurikije uru rutonde rumwe, ariko twibanda ku ijambo ‘Kristo’ rigaragara mu Isezerano Rishya ry’Icyongereza.
‘Kristo’ akomoka he muri Bibiliya
Ijambo ry’umwimerere ry’igiheburayo rya kera ryari ‘mashiyach’ inkoranyamagambo y’igiheburayo isobanura nk’umuntu ‘wasizwe cyangwa yeguriwe Imana. Abami b’igiheburayo basizwe amavuta mbere y’uko baba abami, bityo bakaba abasizwe amavuta cyangwa “mashiyach”. Isezerano rya Kera naryo ryahanuye “mashiyach” wihariye. Kuri “Septuagint”, abasemuzi bayo bahisemo ijambo mu kigereki rifite igisobanuro bisa – “大ριστός” (bisa na Christos ), byaturutse kuri “chrio”, bivuze ko byasigaye mu birori hamwe na mavuta. “Christos” rero yahinduwe mu bisobanuro (kandi ntabwo yahinduwe binyuze mw’ijwi) uhereye mu giheburayo cya mbere ‘mashiyach’ no muri “Septuagint” y’ikigereki. Abanditsi bo mu Isezerano Rishya bakomeje gukoresha ijambo Christos mu nyandiko zabo kugira ngo basobanure Yesu nka mashiyach.
Muri Bibiliya y’Icyongereza, Isezerano rya Kera ry’Igiheburayo “Mashiyach” rikunze guhindurwa nk’uwasizwe kandi hari igihe cyasobanuwe nka Mesiya. Isezerano Rishya Christos bisobanurwa ngo “Kristo”. Ijambo “Kristo” ni izina ryihariye ryo mu Isezerano rya Kera, rikomoka ku buhinduzi kuva mu giheburayo kugera mu kigereki, hanyuma bisobanurwa kuva mu kigereki kugeza mu Cyongereza.
Kuberako tutabona byoroshye ijambo ‘Kristo’ mu Isezerano rya Kera ry’uyu munsi iyi sano n’Isezerano rya Kera biragoye kuyibona. Ariko duhereye kuri iri sesengura tuzi ko muri Bibiliya ‘Kristo’ = ‘Messiah’ = ‘Uwasizwe’ kandi ko yari titire yihariye.
Kristo yari yitezwe mu kinyejana cya 1
Hano hasi herekanwa uburyo umwami Herode mu gihe Abanyabwenge baturutse mu burasirazuba baje gushaka ‘umwami wAbayahudi’, igice kizwi cy’inkuru ya Noheri. Nibyo kwitondera, titire ya Kristo yabayeho mbere mbere ya Yesu, nubwo bitavuga cyane.
2“Umwami w’Abayuda wavutse ari hehe? Ko twabonye inyenyeri ye turi iburasirazuba, none tukaba tuje kumuramya.”3Umwami Herode abyumvise ahagarikana umutima n’ab’i Yerusalemu bose,
Matayo2: 3 – 4
Igitekerezo cya ‘Kristo’ cyari ubumenyi busanzwe hagati ya Herode n’abajyanama be b’amadini – na mbere yuko Yesu avuka – kandi ryakoreshejwe hano batavuga cyane cyane Yesu. Ni ukubera ko ‘Kristo’ akomoka mu Isezerano rya Kera ry’Abagereki, ryakunzwe gusomwa n’Abayahudi bo mu kinyejana cya 1. ‘Kristo’ yari ( kandi na none ni ) titire, ntabwo ari izina. Ryariho imyaka amagana mbere y’ubukristo.
Ubuhanuzi bwo mu isezerano rya kera kuri ‘Kristo
Mubyukuri, ‘Kristo’ n’izina ry’ubuhanuzi riboneka muri Zaburi, ryanditswe na Dawidi mu 1000 mbere ya Yesu – mbere gato yuko Yesu avuka.
Abami b’isi barahagurutse … barwanya Uwiteka n’Umwe wasizwe … utetse ijabiro mu ijuru araseka; abaha ur’amenyo n’uburakari… agira ati, “Nashizeho Umwami wanjye kuri Siyoni, umusozi wanjye wera.” Nzatangaza itegeko ry’Uwiteka: Yambwiye ati: “Uri Umwana wanjye; uyu munsi nabaye So. …Hahirwa abamuhungiraho.
Zaburi 2: 2 – 7
Zaburi 2 muri “Septuagint” yasomwa mu buryo bukurikira; Abami b’isi barahagutse … barwanya Uwiteka kandi barwanya Kristo we … Uhoraho uganje mu ijuru arabaseka; abaha urw’amenyo … agira ati…,
Zaburi 2
Ushobora ‘kubona’ Kristo muri iki gice nkuko umusomyi w’ikinyejana cya 1 yari kubisoma. Ariko Zaburi ikomeza hamwe n’ibindi byinshi byerekeranye uyu Kristo uzaza.
Zaburi 132 ivuga mu gihe kizaza (“… Nzakora ihembe rya Dawidi …”) nk’ibice byinshi mu Isezerano rya Kera. Ntabwo ari uko Isezerano Rishya rifata ibitekerezo bimwe byo mu Isezerano rya Kera kandi ngo babihuze na Yesu. Abayahudi bahoraga bategereje Mesiya wabo ( cyangwa Kristo ). Kuba bategereje cyangwa bashaka ukuza kwa Mesiya byose bifitanye isano n’ejo hazaza – busa n’ubuhanuzi mu Isezerano rya Kera.
Ubuhanuzi bwo mu Isezerano rya Kera: Bwerekanwa nko gufunga – sisiteme y’urufunguzo
Ko Isezerano rya Kera rihanura by’umwihariko ejo hazaza bituma ibitabo byaryo biba ibidasanzwe. Ni nko gufunga umuryango. Gufunga bifite imiterere runaka kugirango ‘urufunguzo’ rwihariye ruhuye n’ugufunga rushobora gufungura. Muri ubwo buryo, Isezerano rya Kera ni nko gufunga. Twabonye bimwe muri ibi ku gitambo cya Aburahamu, intangiriro ya Adamu, na Pasika ya Mose. Zaburi 132 yongeraho icyifuzo cy’uko ‘Kristo’ yaturuka ku gisekuru wa Dawidi. Dore ikibazo gikwiye kwibazwa no gushakirwa igisubizo: Yesu yaba ahuye n’ ‘’urufunguzo’ rufungura ubuhanuzi? Tuzabibona.